Probenecid decreases elimination and increases levels of captopril. Increases levels and may increase risk of digoxin or lithium toxicity. Hyperkalemia may result from concurrent use of potassium supplements or potassium-sparing diuretics, Antihypertensive response may be blunted by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents. Interactions: Additive hypotension with other antihypertensive, phenothiazines, acute ingestion of alcohol and vasodilators. Side Effects: hypotension, dizziness, dry mouth, itching, sleep problems, rashes, diarrhea, constipation, hair loss, dry irritating cough, changes in the way things taste, upset stomach, abdominal pain, shortness of breath, agranulocytosis, neutropenia Metabolism and Excretion: 50% metabolized by the liver. Crosses the placenta, small amounts enter breast milk. Food decreases absorption.ĭistribution: Widely distributed but does not cross the blood brain barrier. Maintenance dose of 25 or 50 mg bid, maximum dose of 50 mg tid.ĭiabetic Nephropathy: 75-100mg daily in divided doses.Ībsorption: Rapidly absorbed (75%) from the GI tract. Heart Failure: Initial dose of 6.25mg-12.5mg. Maintenance dose of 25-50 mg twice a day, maximum of 50 mg thrice a day. Slows down or reduces progression of blood vessels disease within the kidney caused by high blood pressure in patients with diabetic nephropathy.ĭosage: Hypertension: Initial dose of 12.5 mg twice a day, increase gradually at 2-4wk interval. Decreases preload and afterload for patients with heart failure. Therapeutic Effect: Lowers blood pressure and increases blood and oxygen supply to the heart in patients with hypertension. By blocking ACE, production of angiotensin II decreases allowing the blood vessels to relax and widen resulting in decrease blood pressure. ACE produces angiotensin II which causes constriction and narrowing of the blood vessels thereby increasing blood pressure. Action: Used to block the action of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) which is naturally produced in the body.
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January 2023
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